Старый добрый Лонгман со мной согласен:
"neuter - to remove part of the sex organs of (an animal) by an operation
castrate - to remove all or part of the sex organs of (a male animal or person)
spay - to remove (part of) the sex organs of (a female animal)
sterilize - to make sterile (unable to produce young) to have the cat sterilized"
на ветеринарных сайтах употребляют castration для самцов, spaying для самок, de(-)sexing, sterilisation, neutering для всех.
Встречается, правда, и такое:
Spayed = a female cat or dog who has had both ovaries and uterus surgically removed, and is not capable of producing offspring.
Neutered = a male cat or dog who has had both testicles surgically removed, and is not capable of producing offspring. Also known as castration. Some refer to "neutered" as a male or female dog that has been surgically altered to render them sterile (testicles removed or ovaries removed, making them not capable of producing offspring).
Related terms: desexed, fixed, altered, castrated
- опять же скромно настаиваю на "neutering" как наиболее точном слове (приведение к среднему полу)
А вот что говорят обычные американцы:
"Castrate: The surgical removal of the testicles of a male.
Neuter: Sterilization by surgical removal of the testicles of a male animal or ovaries of a female animal.
Spay: Sterilization by surgical removal of the ovaries and uterus of a female animal.
The words we usually use are just neuter, and spay. Neuter we usually just refer that for males but apparently it goes for both :/
So males get neutered, females get spayed. lol" - как видите, комментарий противоречит объяснению
"If your talking about neutering yes my dog is neutered. It sounds so mean if I say castrated my dog like I abused it or something." - вот я тоже так считаю (естественно, скромно
![cu :cu:](./images/smilies/qip/cu.gif)
Дальше копать не вижу смысла, боюсь, что все равно каждый останется при своем мнении. Так что пусть уж остается "sterilization"
![ab :ab:](./images/smilies/qip/ab.gif)